Electric-arc lamp.



N0. 70!,423. Patented June 3, I902. G. G. TILD EN.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

, (Application filed Aug. 10, 1901.\ (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet I.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR GewyaQ-Jild'm.

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No. 70l ,423. Patented lune 3, I902.

' G. G. TILDEN.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Ap'olication filed Aug. 10I 1901.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Shee\ 2,

INVENTOR Geo/ye G. fiZzZem W TNESSES:

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No. 701,423. Patented lune 3, 1902.

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ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

-Application filed Aug. 10. 1901.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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# ATTORNEY T NORRIS PEYERs 4:0 mmuumov wnsuwumu, u c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE G. TILDEN, OF NEYVARK, NElV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO ESTING- HOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 701,423, dated June 8, 1902.

Application filed August 10,1901. Serial No. 71,630. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE G. TILDEN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

In the usual operation of electric-arc lamps it is customary to provide a clutch which is automatically tripped to release the upper carbon when the resistance at the arc becomes abnormally great. This tripping of the clutch is generally brought about by the action of a shunt-magnet controlled by the variations of resistance at the arc. For example, when the arc becomes abnormally long, and consequently the resistance of the arc becomes abnormally great, more current is deflected through the shunt-magnet, which accordingly lifts the clutch and releases the upper carbon. It is also customary to employ one or more dasl1-pots in connection with an arc-lamp in order to prevent sudden shocks, which would interfere with the steadiness of the light given by the lamp.

My present invention relates to improvements in arc-lamps which enable me to dispense with all dash-pot devices and also to dispense with a clutching device in the sense of a device that is tripped for the purpose of reestablishing the normal arc. In place of a clutching device thus trippedI provide a positive feeding device which may be actuated either by gravity or by a spring or by a shuntmagnet, as the case may be. The positive feeding device maybe controlled either by the main magnet in series with the carbons or by an auxiliary magnet, likewise in series with the carbons, or, as already mentioned, by an auxiliary magnet or shunt-magnet connected up so as to form a shunt to the carbons.

In one form of my invention I provide an automatic positive feed for the upper carbon, which acts by gravity when the arc becomes too long. Under such conditions the controlling-magnet is partially decnergized, and the carbon, with its carrier, comes under the influence of gravity and operates to feed the up per carbon, as described. When. the feeding process has taken place, restoring the arc to its normal length, the magnet takes more current and counterbalances the effect of gravity, leaving the arc in its proper normal condition. In another form of my apparatus I provide an auxiliary magnet in series with the 5 5 carbons for controlling the feed of the upper carbon and use a spring instead of gravity for accomplishing the positive feed of the carbon. In still another form of my apparatus I utilize a shunt-magnet for operating the positive feed of the carbon, all of which will be fully explained in the specification which follows.

The special devices by means of which 1 accomplish the feeding of the upper carbon, as above described, consist in the present instance of a toothed wheel, against which the upper carbon is pressed by a suitable spring. The force of the spring pressing the carbon against the toothed wheel is sufficient to hold the carbon in place, where it remains, except when the wheel is partially rotated through the act-ion of gravity or of a spring or of the shunt-magnet. By reason of the described arrangement the upper carbon is maintained in position without any complicated appara- 7 5 tus, and the trimming of the lamp is made simple and easy.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an arc-lamp embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective View of a 8.; detail of my invention. Fig. 3 is a cross-section along the line m so looking downward. Fig. i is a diagram of one of my lamps in which the feeding of the upper carbon is caused by gravity. Fig. 5 is a diagram of one 8 5 of my lamps in which the feeding of the upper carbon is caused by a spring, and Fig. 6 is a diagram of one of my lamps in which the feeding of the carbon is caused by the positive action of the shunt-magnet.

In the drawings, 1 is a resistance, and 2 a magnet in series with the carbons. The magnet 2 is provided with a core 3 of iron, constitutin g the carbon rod or carrier for the upper carbon. To the core 3 is secured, by 5 screws 4 l or otherwise, a bracket 5, preferably of brass. As shownin Fig. 3, the bracket 5 is broadened at one end, so as to form a journal or bearing for a shaft 6, on one end of which is mounted a toothed wheel '7 and near the other end of which is mounted a ratchet-wheel 8. The shaft 6 also carries on one end a lever 0, which extends outward, so that its free end is loeated'between two insulating-arms 1O 11. These arms are adj ustably mounted upon a rod 12, which is itself adjustable within ahorizontal arm 13, mounted on one of the side rods 14- of the lamp. The toothed wheel 7 bears against the upper carbon 15 and is pressed against the same by a spring 17, held by a screw 18 against the core or carrier The screw 18 may be a binding-screw.

For operating the ratchet-wheel S a pawl 19 is provided, the end of the pawl being pressed against the ratchet-teeth by a spring 20. The pawl 19 and the spring 20 are suitably mounted upon the lever 9.

The operation of the parts described is as follows: Inasmuch as the magnet 2, which acts upon the carbon-carrier 3, is in series with the are, any abnormal lengthening of the are, causing an increase of resistance at that point, will decrease the amount of current passing through the magnet 2, thereby partially deenergizing the said magnet and permitting the carbon-carrier, with its carbon, to drop. This causes the free end of the lever 9 to engage with the insulating rod or arm 11 and to rotate the ratchet-wheel 8 through the action of the pawl 19. In consequence of this action the toothed wheel 7 is made to rotate, and the carbon 15 is moved downward independently of the carbon-carrier 3. In practice I generally so arrange the parts that the upper carbon will be fed about three times as fast as the carbon-carrier descends through the action of gravity. When the carbons have reached or passed the normal limit for the are, sufficient current is restored through the magnet 2 to maintain them at the normal distance.

Referring to Fig. 5, it will be seen that I provide an auxiliary magnet 22 in series with the magnet 2 and with the are between the carbons 15 and 16 and that the partial deenergization of the auxiliary magnet 22 from the causes described above releases the lever 9 into the power of a spring 23, whereupon the positive feeding of the upper carbon takes place through the action of the said spring in the same way and by the same means as already described in connection with the lamp illustrated in Fig. 4.

Referring to Fig. 6, the magnet 24E there shown is arranged in a shunt-circuit to the are and so connected with the positive feeding devices that when the arc resistance becomes abnormally great and the shunt-magnet takes more current in consequence the pull of the magnet will act to feed the upper carbon positively by substantially the same means as those already described.

The wheel 7 instead of being toothed may simply be roughened in order to supply a good frictional surface for causing the feed ing of the carbon.

I claim as my invention 1. In an arc-lamp, a pair of carbons, a magnet in series therewith, a longitudinally-movable carbon-carrier controlled by the said magnet, and means for moving one of the earbons within the carrier at a faster rate than the carrier moves.

2. In an arc-lamp, a pair of carbons, amagnet in series therewith, a movable core for the said magnet, one of the carbons being mounted within the said core, and positive means for moving the said carbon in the same direction as the core but at a more rapid rate.

3. In an arc-lamp, a pair of carbons, amag net in series therewith, a core for the said magnet, one of the carbons being in line with said core and adapted to move therewith, and means for advancing the said carbon faster than the core.

4:. In an arc-lamp, apair of carbons, amagnet in series therewith and located above the carbons, a core for the said magnetconnected With the upper carbon in line therewith, and means for moving the upper carbon faster than the core, whereby, when the core drops by reason of the partial demagnetization of the magnet, the feeding of the carbon will be accomplished positively and with great ra pidity.

5. In an arc-lamp, apair of carbons, amagnet in series therewith, a core for the said magnet, and a bracket on the said core in combination with feeding mechanism mounted on the said bracket, and means for bringing the feeding mechanism into operation when the core drops.

6. In an arc-lamp, a pair of carbons, a magnet in series therewith, a core for the said magnet in line with the carbons, feeding mechanism mounted on the core, and means brought into operation by the dropping of the core for actuating the said feeding mechauism.

7. In an arc-lamp, apair of carbons, a magnet in series therewith, a core for the said magnet, and a carbon connected with the said core, in combination with a bracket mounted on the core, a toothed wheel engaging with the carbon, a pawl and ratchet for operating the toothed wheel, and means for bringing the pawl and ratchet into operation when the core drops.

8. In an arc-lamp, a pair of carbons, a magnet in series therewith, a core for the said magnet, one of the carbons being connected with the said core and partaking of its motion, in combination with a spring pressing against one side of the carbon, a toothed wheel pressing against the opposite side thereof, and means for actuating the toothed wheel, such means being brought into operation by the dropping of the core.

9. In an arc-lamp, a pair of carbons one of which is movable, a carrier for the movable carbon, a positive feeding mechanism for the IIO LII

the action of the carrier and that of the posi- 1o tive feeding mechanism.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 9th day of August, A. D. 1901.

GEORGE G. TILDEN.

Vitnesses:

WM. II. CAPEL, GEORGE H. STOCKBRIDGE. 

